Targeted Drug Delivery (Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, 100) - Primera edición

EAN (ISBN-13): 9783540528432
ISBN (ISBN-10): 3540528431
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Año de publicación: 1991
Editorial: Juliano, Rudolph L. Springer

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ISBN/EAN: 3540528431

ISBN - escritura alterna:
3-540-52843-1, 978-3-540-52843-2
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Autor del libro: bodor, juliano, rudolph borchardt, stella rudolph, kopecek
Título del libro: delivery, handbook experimental pharmacology, targeted drugs, targeted drug, handbuch

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Datos del la editorial

Autor: Rudolph L. Juliano
Título: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology; Targeted Drug Delivery
Editorial: Springer; Springer Berlin
364 Páginas
Año de publicación: 1991-11-26
Berlin; Heidelberg; DE
Impreso en
Peso: 0,780 kg
Idioma: Inglés
85,55 € (DE)
87,95 € (AT)
106,60 CHF (CH)
Not available, publisher indicates OP

BB; Book; Hardcover, Softcover / Medizin/Pharmazie; Pharmakologie; Verstehen; drug; toxicity; molecular biology; protein; cell; pharmacokinetics; gene expression; kinetics; biology; drug delivery; chemistry; protein engineering; research; Nucleotide; Arzneitherapie; Biomedical and Life Sciences; B; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Oncology; Biochemistry, general; Internal Medicine; Onkologie; Biochemie; Klinische und Innere Medizin; BC; EA

1 A New Perspective for Drug Delivery Research.- A. Promises Realized: A Recent History of Controlled Drug Delivery.- I. Sustained Delivery Systems: A Clinical and Commercial Success.- 1. Implantable Systems.- 2. Transdermal Systems.- II. Microparticulate Delivery Systems.- 1. Solving Old Problems.- 2. Clinical Evaluation.- B. The Opening Door: Molecular Biology Generates New Opportunities and Challenges for Drug Delivery Research.- I. Using the Body’s Own Pharmaceuticals.- II. Endocrine Vs Paracrine: A Drug Targeting Problem.- C. An Overview of this Volume: Building on the Past and Looking Toward the Future.- D. Drug Targeting Research in the Twenty-First Century: A New Perspective.- References.- 2 Internalization and Sorting of Macromolecules: Endocytosis.- A. Introduction.- B. Pathways of Endocytosis in Nonpolarized Cells.- I. Endosomes.- II. Properties of Endosomes.- 1. Acidification.- 2. Endosome Fusion and Sorting.- 3. Maturation of Endosomes.- C. Molecular Basis of Endocytosis.- I. Internalization.- 1. Required Receptor Sequences.- 2. Clathrin-Coated Pit Clustering Proteins.- 3. Formation of Endocytic Vesicles.- II. Intracellular Routing.- D. Noncoated Pit Internalization.- E. Endocytosis in Polarized Cells.- F. Summary.- References.- 3 Transport of Macromolecules Across the Capillary Endothelium.- A. Introduction.- B. Pathways for the Passage of Macromolecules Across Capillary Endothelium.- I. Capillary Endothelium.- II. Fenestrations.- III. Large Pores.- IV. Intercellular Junctions.- V. Endocytosis and Phagocytosis.- C. The Blood-Brain Barrier.- D. Experimental Model Systems.- I. Brain Perfusion Model.- II. Isolated Capillaries.- III. Tissue Culture Systems.- E. Applications of Tissue Culture Models in the Study of Capillary Endothelial Cell Transport of Macromolecules.- I. Kinetics of Marker Molecules.- 1. Lucifer Yellow.- 2. Lectins.- II. Large Peptides.- 1. Transferrin.- 2. Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor.- 3. Atrial Natriuretic Factor.- 4. Modified Albumins.- III. Small Peptides.- IV. Regulation of the Permeability of Capillary Endothelium.- 1. Astrocytes.- 2. Vasoactive Peptides.- F. Summary.- References.- 4 Pharmacokinetics of Drug Targeting: Specific Implications for Targeting via Prodrugs.- A. Introduction.- B. Pharmacokinetic Models and Drug Targeting.- I. Defining Drug Targeting.- II. Testing Targeting Hypotheses Using Classical or Compartmental Pharmacokinetic Models.- III. Testing Targeting Hypotheses Using Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models.- 1. Perfusion Models.- 2. Trafficking and Cellular Uptake Limitations.- 3. Specific Examples of Models Used to Evaluate and Predict Targeting Strategies.- C. Prodrug-Mediated Targeted Drug Delivery.- I. Prodrugs in General.- II. Site-Specific Drug Delivery via Prodrugs.- 1. Indirect Drug Targeting via Prodrugs.- 2. Direct Drug Targeting via Prodrugs.- References.- 5 Soluble Polymers as Targetable Drug Carriers.- A. Introduction.- B. Consequences of Drug Binding to Macromolecular Carriers: Cellular Level.- I. Pinocytosis.- 1. Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis.- II. Endosomes.- III. Lysosomes.- C. Fate of Macromolecular Carriers In Vivo.- I. Principles of Biodegradability.- II. Influence of Substitution on the Degradability of Natural Polymers.- 1. Polysaccharides.- 2. Polyamino Acids.- III. Elimination of Macromolecular Carriers from the Organism.- 1. Structural Factors Influencing the Fate of Macromolecules.- D. Release of Drugs.- I. Release of Drugs by Hydrolysis.- II. Disulfide Spacers.- III. Release of Drugs by Enzymes.- 1. Release of Drug Models from HPMA Copolymers by Chymotrypsin.- 2. Cleavage by Lysosomal Enzymes.- IV. Relationship Between Susceptibility to Enzymatically Catalyzed Hydrolysis and Biological Activity.- E. Targeting.- I. Principles of Targeting.- II. Obstacles to Targeted Drug Delivery.- 1. Multidrug Resistance.- III. Targeting Lysosomes with Carbohydrate Moieties.- 1. Asialoglycoproteins.- 2. Lysosomal Hydrolases.- 3. Glycoconjugates.- 4. Synthetic and Natural Polymers.- IV. Antibodies.- 1. Antibody-Drug Conjugates.- 2. Antibody-Synthetic Polymer-Drug Conjugates.- 3. Antibody-Natural Polymer-Drug Conjugates.- V. Hormones.- VI. Other Targeting Systems.- F. Photosensitization: Activation by Light.- I. Photodynamic Therapy.- 1. Double Targeting.- 2. Uptake of Photosensitizer Conjugates.- G. Decreased Toxicity and Immunogenicity of Drug-Polymer Conjugates.- I. Toxicity of Drug-Polymer Conjugates.- II. Immunogenicity of Polymer-Drug Conjugates.- H. Soluble Polymers for Site Specific Oral Drug Delivery.- I. Enzyme Controlled Site Specific Drug Release.- II. Bioadhesion of Polymeric Carriers.- III. Two Fold Specificity in Oral Drug Delivery.- I. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 6 Systemic Delivery of Pharmacologically Active Molecules Across the Skin.- A. Biomedical Logic of Transdermal Drug Delivery.- I. Introduction.- II. The Skin Site for Percutaneous or Transdermal Drug Delivery.- III. Mechanisms and Kinetics of TDD.- B. Historic Development of TDD.- C. Transdermal Delivery of Pharmacologically Active Organic Molecules.- I. Nitroglycerin-Releasing TDD System.- 1. Membrane Permeation-Controlled Drug Delivery.- 2. Matrix Diffusion-Controlled Drug Delivery.- 3. Interfacial Partitioning-Controlled Drug Delivery.- II. Scopolamine-Releasing TDD System.- III. Clonidine-Releasing TDD System.- IV. Estradiol-Releasing TDD System.- V. Determination of TDD Kinetics.- 1. In Vitro Drug Release Kinetics.- 2. In Vitro Transdermal Permeation Kinetics.- 3. In Vivo Transdermal Permeation Kinetics.- 4. In Vitro and In Vivo Correlations of Transdermal Permeation Kinetics.- VI. Optimization of Transdermal Controlled Drug Delivery.- D. Transdermal Delivery of Pharmacologically Active Peptide/Protein Molecules.- E. Conclusion.- References.- 7 Chemical Delivery Systems.- A. Introduction.- B. Site and Stereospecific Drug Delivery to the Eye.- C. Brain-Targeting Drug Delivery.- I. Background.- II. Dihydronicotinate CDSs.- 1. Brain-Targeting of Neurotransmitters and Amino Acids.- 2. Brain-Enhanced Delivery of Antiviral Agents.- 3. Application of the Brain-Targeting CDS to Estrogens.- 4. Conclusion.- References.- 8 In Vivo Behavior of Liposomes: Interactions with the Mononuclear Phagocyte System and Implications for Drug Targeting.- A. Introduction.- B. Interactions with Body Fluids.- C. Interactions with Cells.- D. Anatomical Barriers.- E. Factors Influencing Liposome Uptake by Cells.- I. Liposome Size.- II. Liposome Composition.- III. Cholesterol and Opsonization.- IV. Prolonged Circulation Time.- F. Surface Modification.- G. Intracellular Processing of Liposomes.- H. Implications for Drug Targeting.- I. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 9 Antisense Oligonucleotides as Pharmacological Modulators of Gene Expression.- A. General Principles and Historical Background.- B. Artificial Control of Gene Expression by Synthetic Oligonucleotides: An Overview of Problems and Potential.- C. Oligonucleotide Chemistry and Modifications.- I. Modifications of the Phosphodiester Backbone.- 1. Nonionic Oligonucleotides.- 2. Isoelectric Oligonucleotides.- 3. Phosphoramidate Oligonucleotides.- II. Modifications of the Sugar Moiety.- 1. Sugar-Modified Oligonucleotides.- 2. Oligoribonucleotide Analogues.- III. Functionalization of Oligonucleotide Ends.- D. Internalization Pathway of Antisense Oligonucleotides and Alternative Methods to Increased Cellular Uptake.- I. Mechanism of Uptake of Oligonucleotides in Cells.- II. Modifications of Oligonucleotides to Increase Cell Uptake.- E. Mechanism of Action of Antisense Oligonucleotides.- F. Biological Potential of Synthetic Oligonucleotides.- G. Prospectives of In Vivo Utilization of Antisense Oligonucleotides.- References.